
Vietnam and France have recently advanced their diplomatic relations by establishing a “comprehensive strategic partnership,” marking the highest level of bilateral cooperation. This development, formalized during Vietnamese President To Lam’s visit to Paris, represents an evolution from their complex colonial past to a modern partnership. In a joint statement, President Lam and French President Emmanuel Macron emphasized that this new agreement aligns with Vietnam’s strategic “bamboo diplomacy” and France’s interests in fostering deeper ties with Southeast Asia.
Historically, Vietnam was a part of French Indochina until the mid-20th century. The two countries’ relationship was shaped by France’s colonial rule, which lasted from the late 19th century until the First Indochina War (1946-1954), when Vietnamese forces led by Ho Chi Minh fought for independence. The battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954 marked a turning point, resulting in the withdrawal of French forces and the subsequent division of Vietnam into North and South, with differing ideological alignments.
In light of this historical backdrop, the strategic partnership represents a meaningful step forward. Both leaders acknowledged that their renewed collaboration in areas such as security, defense, and emerging technologies, including aerospace and artificial intelligence, is essential for regional and international stability. They also highlighted commitments to the East Vietnam Sea and cooperative efforts in multilateral institutions like ASEAN and the United Nations, fostering a relationship that is mutually beneficial while respecting Vietnam’s sovereignty and regional autonomy.
Building on a strategic partnership established in 2014, the new agreement also reflects their growing trade relationship, with trade volumes reaching $3.4 billion in the first eight months of 2024, an increase of 6.9% compared to the previous year. To capitalize on this momentum, both countries plan to maximize the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) to enhance economic growth, with France pledging to expedite the ratification of the EU-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement.
In addition, France committed to supporting Vietnam’s climate initiatives, including collaboration in renewable energy, hydrogen technology, and the Fair Energy Transition Partnership. Macron acknowledged Vietnam’s essential role in environmental sustainability and its influence on global supply chains, aiming to support Vietnam’s goals for sustainable development.
President Lam’s visit concluded with multiple agreements in education, transportation, culture, and other areas, providing opportunities for Vietnamese students in France and promoting knowledge exchanges. The visit closed with an invitation for President Macron to visit Vietnam, reflecting both countries’ commitment to a cooperative future.
Blue = France
Green = Vietnam
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